- Ayushman Bharat Health Mission (ABHM)
- India's national digital health framework. BAEMS is designed for ABHM compliance, which governs how health data is identified, exchanged and consented across the national ecosystem.
- ABHA — Ayushman Bharat Health Account
- The patient's health identity. Where a patient holds an ABHA, their BAEMS record links to it, allowing their history to follow them between facilities rather than restarting at each one.
- PM-JAY
- The national health assurance scheme. The FHIR Coverage and Claim resources carry the linkage that lets an emergency presentation be reimbursed without a separate paper trail.
- Digital Personal Data Protection Act
- India's data protection statute. Governs lawful basis, consent, retention and the rights of the data principal, all of which are enforced in the system rather than documented alongside it.
- HIPAA
- Applies where United States clinical data or partners are in scope. Drives access control, audit and breach notification requirements.
- GDPR
- Applies where European data subjects or funders are in scope. The right to erasure is precisely why clinical records are never written to the ledger.
Approach
Compliance is a system property
Retention schedules are enforced by the system. Residency is configured per jurisdiction. Consent is captured as an event and enforced at every access. Audit trails are attributable and exportable.
The alternative — compliance as a set of documented intentions that staff are trained to honour — fails predictably under the pressure of an emergency department at three in the morning.